Curated reference and analysis. Last full review: June 17, 2026
Verify all figures against ISO sources before relying on them for project decisions.
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U.S. ISO / RTO Large-Load Positioning
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MISO

Midcontinent Independent System Operator · All or parts of 15 central/southern U.S. states + Manitoba, Canada
www.misoenergy.org/Last updated: 2026-06-17Tier:MixedConfidence:Low
Bottom line

Aggressive reform and automation pushing toward a 1-year queue, but large-load process (EPR) is less defined than SPP's and load interconnection costs are inconsistent across a huge multi-state footprint.

Author analysis. Review against primary sources before relying on this for project decisions.

Verified facts and placeholders

Facts
Total queue MW
353,000 MWas of 2026-06-17
Total queue projects
1,696as of 2026-06-17
Avg interconnection wait
4 yearsas of 2026-06-17
Large-load queue MW
Not disclosed
Queue status
reform-in-progress
Large-load posture
Developing
Generation queue notes
~309 GW in the interconnection queue per FERC (vs. ~127 GW peak load), ~1,600+ active requests spanning cycles back to 2019; ~70% of capacity in older cycles was ultimately withdrawn. FERC approved a Generator Interconnection Queue Cap (50% of regional non-coincident peak per cycle). Targeting ~1-year processing via automation and reforms. Expedited Resource Addition Study (ERAS) fast-tracks reliability-critical resources (~27 GW across 53 requests as of spring 2026); MISO intends to sunset ERAS by end of 2028. JTIQ portfolio with SPP enables ~28.6 GW along the seam.
Large-load posture rationale
MISO does not publish a single consolidated large-load queue total. Its ERAS fast-track review drew about 26.6 GW of proposals, mostly gas, to serve emerging large loads. Large-load additions route through ERAS and Expedited Project Review rather than one queue figure. April 2026 EPR materials show 19 April-cycle requests representing 5,457+ MW of new load additions and 59 approved EPRs for MTEP26 as of Apr. 2, 2026. Less standardized than SPP’s HILL framework.
Primary source
www.misoenergy.org/planning/resource-utilization/generator-interconnection/

Analyst read

Editorial analysis
Tier
Mixed
Rationale
Aggressive reform and automation pushing toward a 1-year queue, but large-load process (EPR) is less defined than SPP's and load interconnection costs are inconsistent across a huge multi-state footprint.
What's working
  • ERAS fast-track issues agreements in ~3 months for critical resources.
  • Automation and reforms targeting a ~1-year generation queue.
What's working against
  • Large-load EPR activity is material, but the pathway is less standardized and less transparent than SPP’s HILL framework.
  • Vast 15-state footprint means highly variable local conditions.
One thing to watch
Whether MISO formalizes its EPR large-load process into something closer to SPP's HILL clarity.
Analyst note
MISO is reforming hard on the generation side and the ERAS fast-track is genuinely useful, but for large loads it is the least legible of the central markets right now. Developers should expect to do real homework on local cost allocation before committing.

Major announced projects in this market

Exhibit 2 · supporting

Recent reforms

Source-backed
  1. 2025-12
    Second ERAS cycle

    MISO announced its second Expedited Resource Addition Study cycle (~6.1 GW), primarily battery and gas, to fast-track reliability-critical generation.

    Source
  2. 2024-12
    JTIQ portfolio approved

    Joint Targeted Interconnection Queue portfolio with SPP approved, enabling ~28.6 GW of generation to interconnect along the MISO-SPP seam.

    Source

Upcoming milestones

Source-backed
  1. 2026-03
    Next ERAS cycle

    MISO's next ERAS cycle kicked off March 2, 2026.

    Source

Sources & last updated

Provenance
Last updated
2026-06-17
Primary source
https://www.misoenergy.org/planning/resource-utilization/generator-interconnection/
Source registry